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  • Acamol
    / Teva


    Active Ingredient
    Paracetamol 500 mg

    Status in Israel
    OTC

    Presentation and Status in Health Basket

    Presentation Basket Yarpa Pharmasoft

    Caplets

    14 X 500 mg

    full basket chart 13115 1945

    Caplets

    21 X 500 mg

    full basket chart 9593 1153

    Caplets

    50 X 500 mg

    full basket chart 20695 1798

    Tablets

    20 X 500 mg

    full basket chart 113 1017

    Related information


    Dosage

    Adults and children aged 12 years and over: 1-2 tablets/caplets every 4-6 hours, as needed. Do not exceed a dosage of 8 tablets/caplets in any 24 hours.
    Children aged 6-12 years: ½-1 tablet/caplet every 4-6 hours, as needed.
    Do not exceed a dosage of 4 tablets/caplets in any 24 hours.
    Do not exceed the recommended dose.


    Indications

    Relief of pain and fever of different etiologies such as headache, toothache, colds, influenza, rheumatic pain and dysmenorrhea.


    Contra-Indications

    Known hypersensitivity to paracetamol or to any other ingredient of the preparation.


    Special Precautions

    Paracetamol can cause accidental poisoning in toddlers and infants. Paracetamol containing products should be kept well out of reach of children.
    Potentially fatal hepatotoxicity can result from paracetamol overdosage. However, in rare cases, hepatotoxicity has occurred in patients receiving high or excessive doses within therapeutic doses. Certain patients may be more susceptible to paracetamol hepatotoxicity, e.g., chronic alcoholics, patients with liver disease, or those who are malnourished or taking other drugs that induce hepatic enzymes.
    Because of the risk of hepatotoxicity, patients should be cautioned against the inadvertent administration of excessive doses of paracetamol by using multiple
    paracetamol-containing product at once, such as cough and cold remedies,
    analgesics or arthritic formulations, antipyretics or products for relief of menstrual symptoms or muscle spasm. Administration of paracetamol to children may be especially prone to error due to the many concentrations and strengths of products available. To avoid dosing errors, all product labels should be checked carefully to ensure calculation of the amount of paracetamol to be given.
    If a sensitivity reaction occurs, discontinue use.
    Paracetamol should be given with care to patients with impaired kidney or liver function.
    Risk-benefit ratio should be taken into consideration in the presence of viral hepatitis and alcoholism, since there is an increased risk of hepatotoxicity.


    Side Effects

    Adverse reactions of paracetamol are rare and usually mild.
    Hepatotoxicity: Hepatotoxicity has occurred in patients receiving high or excessive doses within therapeutic doses. Certain patients may be more susceptible to paracetamol hepatotoxicity, e.g., chronic alcoholics, patients with liver disease, or those who are malnourished or taking other drugs that induce hepatic enzymes. Because of the risk of hepatotoxicity, patients should be cautioned against the inadvertent administration of excessive doses of paracetamol by using multiple paracetamol-containing product at once, such as cough and cold remedies, analgesics or arthritic formulations, antipyretics or products for relief of menstrual symptoms or muscle spasm. Administration of paracetamol to children may be especially prone to error due to the many concentrations and strengths of products available. To avoid dosing errors, all product labels should be checked carefully to ensure calculation of the amount of paracetamol to be given.
    Hematologic: Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia purpura have been reported and rarely agranulocytosis.
    Hypersensitivity: Reactions including skin eruptions, laryngeal edema, bronchospasm, and/or anaphylaxis have occurred rarely. Dose-dependent cross-sensitivity to paracetamol may occur in aspirin-sensitive asthmatics. Low initial doses of paracetamol (less than 1000 mg) are recommended in these patients, with monitoring for about 3 hours following initial doses.
    Renal: Nephropathy, including papillary renal failure has been reported following consumption of large amounts of paracetamol. Renal tubular necrosis has been associated occasionally with hepatic injury produced by paracetamol overdose.


    Drug interactions

    Paracetamol/Oral Anticoagulants: Regular administration of paracetamol may enhance the activity of coumarin anticoagulants when given concurrently. Occasional doses have no significant effect.
    Paracetamol/Hepatic Enzyme-Inducing Agents (e.g., Barbiturates, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin)/ Hepatotoxic Medications/Alcohol: Concurrent administration of enzyme inducers and paracetamol may decrease the therapeutic effect of paracetamol, probably because of increased metabolism resulting from induction of hepatic microsomal enzyme activity.
    The risk of hepatotoxicity with single toxic doses or prolonged use of high doses of paracetamol may be increased in patients consuming alcoholic beverages or in patients taking other hepatotoxic medications.
    Paracetamol/ Salicylates/ Other Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Chronic high-dose administration of paracetamol with salicylates and/or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increases the risk of analgesic nephropathy.
    Paracetamol/Zidovudine: Paracetamol may competitively inhibit the hepatic glucuronidation and decrease the clearance of zidovudine. Zidovudine may also inhibit the hepatic glucuronidation of paracetamol. Concurrent use should be avoided, because the toxicity of either or both medications may be potentiated.
    Paracetamol/Cholestyramine: Cholestyramine may reduce the absorption of paracetamol. Oral doses of cholestyramine and paracetamol should be given at least 1 hour apart.
    Paracetamol/Metoclopramide/Domperidone: The speed of absorption of paracetamol may be increased by metoclopramide or domperidone.


    Pregnancy and Lactation

    PregnancySafety of use in pregnancy has not been established.
    Lactation: Although paracetamol appears in very low concentration in breast milk, risk-benefit must be considered before this drug is given to nursing mothers.


    Overdose

    Manifestations: Symptoms of paracetamol overdose in the first 24 hours are pallor, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and abdominal pain. Abnormalities of glucose metabolism and metabolic acidosis may occur. In severe poisoning, hepatic failure may progress to encephalopathy, coma and death. Acute renal failure with acute tubular necrosis may develop even in the absence of severe liver damage. Cardiac arrhythmias and pancreatitis have been reported. In massive overdose, paracetamol may cause hepatic toxicity. In adults and adolescents, hepatic toxicity has been rarely reported following ingestion of acute overdose of less than 7.5 –10 g. Fatalities are infrequent (less than 3-4% of untreated cases) and have been rarely reported with overdoses of less than 15 g. Early symptoms following a potentially hepatotoxic overdose may include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diaphoresis, and general malaise. Clinical and laboratory evidence of hepatic toxicity may not be apparent until 48-72 hours post-ingestion. Serious toxicity or fatalities are extremely infrequent in children, possibly due to differences in the way they metabolize paracetamol. An acute overdose of less than 150 mg/kg bodyweight in children has not been associated with hepatic toxicity.
    Treatment:
    Adults and Adolescents: 
    Regardless of the quantity of paracetamol reported or assumed to have been ingested, N-acetylcysteine should be administered immediately, if 24 hours or less have elapsed from the time of ingestion. An initial dose of 150 mg N-acetylcysteine/kg body weight is infused I.V. in 200 ml of 5% Dextrose Injection over 15 minutes. This is followed by I.V infusion of 50 mg N-acetylcysteine/kg body weight in 500 ml of 5% Dextrose Injection over the next 4 hours, and 100 mg N-acetylcysteine/kg body weight in 1 liter of 5% Dextrose Injection over the next 16 hours (providing a total dose of 300 mg/kg body weight of Nacetylcysteine over 20 hours). In addition to N-acetylcysteine administration, it is recommended that the stomach be emptied promptly by lavage, or by induction of emesis with syrup of ipecac. A serum paracetamol assay should be obtained as early as possible, but not less than 4 hours following ingestion. If plasma level falls above the lower treatment line on the paracetamol overdose nomogram, acetylcysteine therapy should be continued. Liver function tests should be performed initially, and repeated at 24-hour intervals.
    Children: Induce emesis using syrup of ipecac. A serum paracetamol assay should be obtained as soon as possible, but not less than 4 hours following ingestion. If more than 150 mg/kg body weight or an unknown amount was ingested, plasma paracetamol level should be obtained. The plasma paracetamol level should be obtained as soon as possible, but no sooner than 4 hours following ingestion. If plasma level falls above the lower treatment line on the paracetamol overdose nomogram, the acetylcysteine therapy should be initiated and continued for a full course of therapy. If a paracetamol assay is not available and the paracetamol ingestion exceeds 150 mg/kg body weight, N-acetylcysteine therapy should be initiated and continued for a full course. The dosage and administration of N-acetylcysteine in children is the same as recommended for adults and adolescents. However, the quantity of I.V. fluid used in children should be modified, taking into account both age and weight.


    Manufacturer
    Teva medical Marketing Ltd. (Teva Group)
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